| アブストラクト | This study investigates whether GPT-4o, a Large Language Model (LLM), can identify depression from daily, naturalistic non-symptom-specific speech transcripts; how its performance varies with input volume; and how it compares to other LLMs. Thirty Brazilian adolescents (aged 16-19) completed a 14-day remote data collection using IDEABot, a WhatsApp-based chatbot. Half of the participants (n = 15, 8 girls) had a confirmed Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) diagnosis established by a child and adolescent psychiatrist using gold-standard procedures. GPT-4o was prompted to classify participants as depressed or non-depressed based on daily transcribed audio messages in Brazilian Portuguese. Performance was evaluated across varying input lengths (number of days), and a secondary analysis compared GPT-4o with 12 alternative GPT-based models. GPT-4o achieved an overall accuracy of 86.6% (95% CI [70.3%, 95.6%]), with 100% sensitivity and 73.3% specificity (95% CI [55.6%, 86.2%]). Classification remained stable across days, and increasing input length yielded only modest improvements. No statistically significant differences were observed between models, although GPT-4o showed numerically higher performance than newer and larger models. As a proof-of-concept study using a purposively selected sample representing opposite ends of the symptom spectrum, these findings are preliminary. Nonetheless, they suggest that LLMs may support depression detection from naturalistic conversational text, extending prior work based on structured assessments to more ecologically valid contexts. This study highlights both the promise and current limitations of AI-based approaches for mental health screening. |
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| 投稿者 | Viduani, Anna; Ferreira, Leonardo Z; Buchweitz, Claudia; Piccin, Jader; Fisher, Helen L; Van Heerden, Alastair; Kohrt, Brandon A; Mondelli, Valeria; Kieling, Christian; Araujo, Ricardo Matsumura |
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| 組織名 | Prodia - Child & Adolescent Depression Program, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto;Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and;Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto;Alegre, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre,;RS, Brazil. Electronic address: anna.andrade@hmv.org.br.;Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address:;lferreira@equidade.org.br.;RS, Brazil. Electronic address: claudia.buchweitz@hmv.org.br.;RS, Brazil. Electronic address: jader.piccin@hmv.org.br.;Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry,;Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom;;Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Centre for Society and Mental Health,;King's College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:;helen.2.fisher@kcl.ac.uk.;Wits Health Consortium, University of Witwatersrand, South Africa. Electronic;address: Alastair.vanheerden@wits.ac.za.;Division of Global Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine;and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United;States. Electronic address: bkhort@email.gwu.edu.;Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &;Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute;of Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South;London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, United;Kingdom. Electronic address: valeria.mondelli@kcl.ac.uk.;RS, Brazil. Electronic address: christian.kieling@hmv.org.br.;Center for Technological Advancement, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas,;Brazil. Electronic address: ricardo@inf.ufpel.edu.br. |
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