| アブストラクト | BACKGROUND: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. Although adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy is a standard treatment after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), the efficacy of adjuvant nivolumab in UTUC remains unclear, especially in real clinical practice. We examined this using a large Japanese real-world database. METHODS: Using the Medical Data Vision database, we identified UTUC patients who underwent RNU and received adjuvant therapy. The adjuvant GC/GCarbo group and the adjuvant nivolumab group were defined by distinct treatment eras to reduce treatment selection bias. Event-free survival (EFS) was compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test, with a sensitivity analysis truncating follow-up at 300 days. RESULTS: A total of 1,058 patients were analyzed (240 nivolumab, 818 GC/GCarbo). In the whole cohort, EFS was significantly longer in the nivolumab group (HR = 0.6365, P = 0.0076). This benefit was consistent in patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 0.4053, P = 0.001) and in those without it (HR = 0.6765, P = 0.0462). CONCLUSION: In Japanese UTUC patients, adjuvant nivolumab may be at least not inferior to GC/GCarbo, suggesting the usefulness of an immunotherapy-after-chemotherapy sequence. |
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| ジャーナル名 | Urologia internationalis |
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| Pubmed追加日 | 2026/10/15 |
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| 投稿者 | Hashizume, Akihito; Kawahara, Takashi; Yamazaki, Masanobu; Ueno, Daiki; Kuroda, Shinnosuke; Takeshima, Teppei; Takamoto, Daiji; Noguchi, Takeaki; Yumura, Yasushi; Uemura, Hiroji; Makiyama, Kazuhide; Teranishi, Jun-Ichi |
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| Pubmed リンク | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/42879361/ |
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