Resolving Issues About Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Codeine in Combination Analgesic Drugs: A Systematic Review.
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アブストラクト INTRODUCTION:The objective of this systematic review is to reflect on assumptions in relation to codeine use in combination with other analgesics.METHODS:MEDLINE was searched according to the predetermined keywords and criteria. Only English language studies were taken into consideration and the outcome data of the final studies were extracted by two reviewers independently from each other and were checked by the third reviewer. Additionally, the available codeine-related Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) retrieved from EudraVigilance were reviewed.RESULTS:Sixteen placebo-controlled studies that involved 3378 subjects suffering from acute pain were analyzed for the efficacy of low-dose codeine (</= 30 mg) combination products. Twelve of them found low-dose codeine combinations more efficient in relieving pain than the assigned comparator. According to 20 randomized clinical trials which included at least one dose of codeine (from 30 to 240 mg daily), the vast majority of reported side-effects were mild or moderate in severity. A total of 20 ICSRs for dependence were identified in the EudraVigilance database with codeine as a suspect drug for the 10-year time period for the European region.CONCLUSIONS:Low-dose codeine combinations are effective after a single application in treating acute pain. Codeine in doses </= 30 mg and higher was considered safe since only mild to moderate side-effects were observed. There is no indication in the available sources which clearly links low doses of codeine to substance use disorder in non-dependent subjects.ジャーナル名 Pain and therapy 投稿日 2020/3/17 投稿者 Celic, Ivan; Bach-Rojecky, Lidija; Mercep, Iveta; Soldo, Ana; Petrak, Anja Kos; Bucan, Ana 組織名 Department of Dual Diagnosis, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce, Bolnicka;Cesta 32, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.;Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and;Biochemistry, Domagojeva 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. lbach@pharma.hr.;Department of Internal Medicine, Zagreb University Hospital Center, 10000,;Zagreb, Croatia.;University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Kispaticeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.;Croatian Chamber of Pharmacists, Marticeva 27/II, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.;Regulatory Department, Marti Farm Ltd, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. Pubmed リンク https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32172479/ -
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